Widgets
What is a widget?
A widget is simply some graphical component that we can generate from Julia and that has an output. The output of a widget is a Observable
and can be accessed with observe
.
A Widget
itself behaves pretty much like a Observable
and the techniques discussed in Observables apply. For example:
julia> using Interact
julia> s = slider(1:100);
julia> s[]
50
julia> Interact.@on print(string("The value is ", &s))
julia> s[] = 12;
The value is 12
Text input
These are widgets to select text input that's typed in by the user. For numbers use spinbox
and for strings use textbox
. String entries (textbox
and autocomplete
) are initialized as ""
, whereas spinbox
defaults to nothing
, which corresponds to the empty entry.
Widgets.spinbox
— Function.spinbox([range,] label=""; value=nothing)
Create a widget to select numbers with placeholder label
. An optional range
first argument specifies maximum and minimum value accepted as well as the step. Use step="any"
to allow all decimal numbers.
Widgets.textbox
— Function.textbox(hint=""; value="")
Create a text input area with an optional placeholder hint
e.g. textbox("enter number:")
. Use typ=...
to specify the type of text. For example typ="email"
or typ="password"
. Use multiline=true
to display a textarea
spanning several lines.
Widgets.textarea
— Function.textarea(hint=""; value="")
Create a textarea with an optional placeholder hint
e.g. textarea("enter number:")
. Use rows=...
to specify how many rows to display
Widgets.autocomplete
— Function.autocomplete(options, label=""; value="")
Create a textbox input with autocomplete options specified by options
, with value
as initial value and label
as label.
Type input
These are widgets to select a specific, non-text, type of input. So far, Date
, Time
, Color
and Bool
are supported. Types that allow a empty field (Date
and Time
) are initialized as nothing
by default, whereas Color
and Bool
are initialized with the default HTML value (colorant"black"
and false
respectively).
Widgets.datepicker
— Function.datepicker(value::Union{Dates.Date, Observable, Nothing}=nothing)
Create a widget to select dates.
Widgets.timepicker
— Function.timepicker(value::Union{Dates.Time, Observable, Nothing}=nothing)
Create a widget to select times.
Widgets.colorpicker
— Function.colorpicker(value::Union{Color, Observable}=colorant"#000000")
Create a widget to select colors.
Widgets.checkbox
— Function.checkbox(value::Union{Bool, AbstractObservable}=false; label)
A checkbox. e.g. checkbox(label="be my friend?")
Widgets.toggle
— Function.toggle(value::Union{Bool, AbstractObservable}=false; label)
A toggle switch. e.g. toggle(label="be my friend?")
File input
Widgets.filepicker
— Function.filepicker(label="Choose a file..."; multiple=false, accept="*")
Create a widget to select files. If multiple=true
the observable will hold an array containing the paths of all selected files. Use accept
to only accept some formats, e.g. accept=".csv"
Widgets.opendialog
— Function.opendialog(; value = String[], label = "Open", icon = "far fa-folder-open", options...)
Creates an Electron openDialog. value
is the list of selected files or folders. options
(given as keyword arguments) correspond to options
of the Electron dialog. This widget will not work in the browser but only in an Electron window.
Examples
julia> ui = InteractBase.opendialog(; properties = ["showHiddenFiles", "multiSelections"], filters = [(; name = "Text", extensions = ["txt", "md"])]);
julia> ui[]
0-element Array{String,1}
Widgets.savedialog
— Function.savedialog(; value = String[], label = "Open", icon = "far fa-folder-open", options...)
Create an Electron saveDialog. value
is the list of selected files or folders. options
(given as keyword arguments) correspond to options
of the Electron dialog. This widget will not work in the browser but only in an Electron window.
Examples
julia> ui = InteractBase.savedialog(; properties = ["showHiddenFiles"], filters = [(; name = "Text", extensions = ["txt", "md"])]);
julia> ui[]
""
Range input
Widgets.slider
— Function.function slider(vals::AbstractArray;
value=medianelement(vals),
label=nothing, readout=true, kwargs...)
Creates a slider widget which can take on the values in vals
, and updates observable value
when the slider is changed.
Widgets.rangeslider
— Function.function rangeslider(vals::AbstractArray;
value=medianelement(vals),
label=nothing, readout=true, kwargs...)
Creates a slider widget which can take on the values in vals
and accepts several "handles". Pass a vector to value
with two values if you want to select a range.
Widgets.rangepicker
— Function.function rangepicker(vals::AbstractArray;
value=[extrema(vals)...],
label=nothing, readout=true, kwargs...)
A multihandle slider with a set of spinboxes, one per handle.
Callback input
Widgets.button
— Function.button(content... = "Press me!"; value=0)
A button. content
goes inside the button. Note the button content
supports a special clicks
variable, that gets incremented by 1
with each click e.g.: button("clicked {{clicks}} times")
. The clicks
variable is initialized at value=0
. Given a button b
, b["is-loading"]
defines whether the button is in a loading state (spinning wheel). Use b["is-loading"][]=true
or b["is-loading"][]=false
respectively to display or take away the spinner.
HTML5 input
All of the inputs above are implemented wrapping the input
tag of HTML5 which can be accessed more directly as follows:
Widgets.input
— Function.input(o; typ="text")
Create an HTML5 input element of type type
(e.g. "text", "color", "number", "date") with o
as initial value.
Option input
Widgets.dropdown
— Function.dropdown(options::AbstractDict;
value = first(values(options)),
label = nothing,
multiple = false)
A dropdown menu whose item labels are the keys of options. If multiple=true
the observable will hold an array containing the values of all selected items e.g. dropdown(OrderedDict("good"=>1, "better"=>2, "amazing"=>9001))
dropdown(values::AbstractArray; kwargs...)
dropdown
with labels string.(values)
see dropdown(options::AbstractDict; ...)
for more details
dropdown(options::AbstractObservable;
value = first(values(options[])),
label = nothing,
multiple = false)
A dropdown menu whose options
are a given Observable
. Set the Observable
to some other value to update the options in real time.
Examples
options = Observable(["a", "b", "c"])
wdg = dropdown(options)
options[] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Note that the options
can be modified from the widget directly:
wdg[:options][] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Widgets.radiobuttons
— Function.radiobuttons(options::AbstractDict;
value::Union{T, Observable} = first(values(options)))
e.g. radiobuttons(OrderedDict("good"=>1, "better"=>2, "amazing"=>9001))
radiobuttons(values::AbstractArray; kwargs...)
radiobuttons
with labels string.(values)
see radiobuttons(options::AbstractDict; ...)
for more details
radiobuttons(options::AbstractObservable; kwargs...)
Radio buttons whose options
are a given Observable
. Set the Observable
to some other value to update the options in real time.
Examples
options = Observable(["a", "b", "c"])
wdg = radiobuttons(options)
options[] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Note that the options
can be modified from the widget directly:
wdg[:options][] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Widgets.checkboxes
— Function.checkboxes(options::AbstractDict;
value = first(values(options)))
A list of checkboxes whose item labels are the keys of options. Tthe observable will hold an array containing the values of all selected items, e.g. checkboxes(OrderedDict("good"=>1, "better"=>2, "amazing"=>9001))
checkboxes(values::AbstractArray; kwargs...)
checkboxes
with labels string.(values)
see checkboxes(options::AbstractDict; ...)
for more details
checkboxes(options::AbstractObservable; kwargs...)
Checkboxes whose options
are a given Observable
. Set the Observable
to some other value to update the options in real time.
Examples
options = Observable(["a", "b", "c"])
wdg = checkboxes(options)
options[] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Note that the options
can be modified from the widget directly:
wdg[:options][] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Widgets.toggles
— Function.toggles(options::AbstractDict;
value = first(values(options)))
A list of toggle switches whose item labels are the keys of options. Tthe observable will hold an array containing the values of all selected items, e.g. toggles(OrderedDict("good"=>1, "better"=>2, "amazing"=>9001))
toggles(values::AbstractArray; kwargs...)
toggles
with labels string.(values)
see toggles(options::AbstractDict; ...)
for more details
toggles(options::AbstractObservable; kwargs...)
Toggles whose options
are a given Observable
. Set the Observable
to some other value to update the options in real time.
Examples
options = Observable(["a", "b", "c"])
wdg = toggles(options)
options[] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Note that the options
can be modified from the widget directly:
wdg[:options][] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Widgets.togglebuttons
— Function.togglebuttons(options::AbstractDict; value::Union{T, Observable}, multiple=false)
Creates a set of toggle buttons whose labels are the keys of options. Set multiple=true
to allow multiple (or zero) active buttons at the same time.
togglebuttons(values::AbstractArray; kwargs...)
togglebuttons
with labels string.(values)
see togglebuttons(options::AbstractDict; ...)
for more details
togglebuttons(options::AbstractObservable; kwargs...)
Togglebuttons whose options
are a given Observable
. Set the Observable
to some other value to update the options in real time.
Examples
options = Observable(["a", "b", "c"])
wdg = togglebuttons(options)
options[] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Note that the options
can be modified from the widget directly:
wdg[:options][] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Widgets.tabs
— Function.tabs(options::AbstractDict; value::Union{T, Observable})
Creates a set of tabs whose labels are the keys of options. The label can be a link.
tabs(values::AbstractArray; kwargs...)
tabs
with labels values
see tabs(options::AbstractDict; ...)
for more details
tabs(options::AbstractObservable; kwargs...)
Tabs whose options
are a given Observable
. Set the Observable
to some other value to update the options in real time.
Examples
options = Observable(["a", "b", "c"])
wdg = tabs(options)
options[] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Note that the options
can be modified from the widget directly:
wdg[:options][] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Output
Widgets.latex
— Function.latex(txt)
Render txt
in LaTeX using KaTeX. Backslashes need to be escaped: latex("\\sum_{i=1}^{\\infty} e^i")
Widgets.alert
— Function.alert(text="")
Creates a Widget{:alert}
. To cause it to trigger an alert, do:
wdg = alert("Error!")
wdg()
Calling wdg
with a string will set the alert message to that string before triggering the alert:
wdg = alert("Error!")
wdg("New error message!")
For the javascript to work, the widget needs to be part of the UI, even though it is not visible.
Widgets.highlight
— Function.highlight(txt; language = "julia")
language
syntax highlighting for txt
.
Widgets.notifications
— Function.notifications(v=[]; layout = node(:div))
Display elements of v
inside notification boxes that can be closed with a close button. The elements are laid out according to layout
. observe
on this widget returns the observable of the list of elements that have not been deleted.
Widgets.togglecontent
— Function.togglecontent(content, value::Union{Bool, Observable}=false; label)
A toggle switch that, when activated, displays content
e.g. togglecontent(checkbox("Yes, I am sure"), false, label="Are you sure?")
Widgets.tabulator
— Function.tabulator(options::AbstractDict; index, key)
Creates a set of toggle buttons whose labels are the keys of options. Displays the value of the selected option underneath. Use index::Int
to select which should be the index of the initial option, or key::String
. The output is the selected index
. Use index=0
to not have any selected option.
Examples
tabulator(OrderedDict("plot" => plot(rand(10)), "scatter" => scatter(rand(10))), index = 1)
tabulator(OrderedDict("plot" => plot(rand(10)), "scatter" => scatter(rand(10))), key = "plot")
tabulator(values::AbstractArray; kwargs...)
tabulator
with labels values
see tabulator(options::AbstractDict; ...)
for more details
tabulator(options::Observable; navbar=tabs, kwargs...)
Tabulator whose options
are a given Observable
. Set the Observable
to some other value to update the options in real time. Defaults to navbar=tabs
: use navbar=togglebuttons
to have buttons instead of tabs.
Examples
options = Observable(["a", "b", "c"])
wdg = tabulator(options)
options[] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Note that the options
can be modified from the widget directly:
wdg[:options][] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Widgets.mask
— Function.mask(options; index, key)
Only display the index
-th element of options
. If options
is a AbstractDict
, it is possible to specify which option to show using key
. options
can be a Observable
, in which case mask
updates automatically. Use index=0
or key = nothing
to not have any selected option.
Examples
wdg = mask(OrderedDict("plot" => plot(rand(10)), "scatter" => scatter(rand(10))), index = 1)
wdg = mask(OrderedDict("plot" => plot(rand(10)), "scatter" => scatter(rand(10))), key = "plot")
Note that the options
can be modified from the widget directly:
wdg[:options][] = ["c", "d", "e"]
Create widgets automatically from a Julia variable
Widgets.widget
— Function.widget(args...; kwargs...)
Automatically convert Julia types into appropriate widgets. kwargs
are passed to the more specific widget function.
Examples
map(display, [
widget(1:10), # Slider
widget(false), # Checkbox
widget("text"), # Textbox
widget(1.1), # Spinbox
widget([:on, :off]), # Toggle Buttons
widget(Dict("π" => float(π), "τ" => 2π)),
widget(colorant"red"), # Color picker
widget(Dates.today()), # Date picker
widget(Dates.Time()), # Time picker
]);